IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. SOURCES. of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be addressed in this transcription. Surname matching of 18, The Fugitive Slave Law, and its Victims, Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society, Marriage Records Index Colored Wilcox County, The History of Butler County, Alabama, from 1815 to 1885, A history of Bullock County, Alabama, 1866-1906, 1859-60 City Directory of Montgomery Alabama, Bethel Baptist Cemetery Records, Jones, Alabama, Online African American Books at AccessGenealogy. methods used by the census enumerators, interested researchers should view the source film number of slaves they held and the first census page on which they were listed. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Clarke County, Mississippi (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 596) reportedly includes a total of 5,076 slaves. . Its extremely difficult to connect the freed black Americans first named on the 1870 census to their enslaved ancestorsa problem known as the 1870 Brick Wall. New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S., Slave Manifests, 1807-1860. They were saying that they knew that their families in Africa had been looking for them, Diouf says. She is also a strong advocate for equal opportunity, and she works tirelessly to ensure that all students have access to quality education regardless of their socioeconomic status or race. He was born and studied medicine in Pennsylvania, but moved to Natchez District, Mississippi Territory in 1808 and became the wealthiest cotton planter and the second-largest slave owner in the United States with over 2,200 slaves. Many more slaves were brought to Alabama by slave traders, such as those operating in Mobile and Montgomery, where the state's largest slave auction houses were located. This page and its subpages contain 26 links. indexes almost always do not include the slave census. [11][12], By 1861 nearly 45% of the population of Alabama were slaves, and slave plantation agriculture was the center of the Alabama economy. was listed as having 28,884 whites, about a four fold increase, but the 1960 total of 7,620 Devoted to finding and developing more resources for those of us researching American cross-racial family history and/or ancestors who were or may have been of mixed-race ancestry. Wealthy planters generally had multiple domestic servants, whose duties ranged from cooking and cleaning to driving carriages, serving meals, and nursing children. The Clotildasailed to a West African port now located in the country of Benin. The majority of slaves in Alabama, however, labored on modest farms, and the typical Alabama slaveholder owned fewer than five slaves. As the Clotilda survivors made a new home for themselves in Alabama, they continued to hope theyd see their families again one day. population decreased about 10% to 7,253. Learn how your comment data is processed. County population included 7,215 whites, 6 free colored and 8,085 slaves. Home > USA > Alabama > Clarke County > Census Records and Indexes. Between 1860 and 1870, (6,400%). CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. Compared to their white counterparts, slave families had more mother-headed households and were less patriarchal, and their typical lack of status and property undermined expressions of male authority. Contract labor systems were put into place in southern states that forced freed blacks to work in jobs that they could not legally quit, left them permanently in debt, and which often involved violent physical punishment by white property owners. Thats something you have control over, Berry said. Read More. The rest of the slaves in the County were held by a In the agricultural industry, this most often took the form of a contract labor system known as sharecropping where black farmers rented land from white landowners and paid with their labor and crops. Though the census schedules speak in terms of slave owners, the This transcription includes 61 slaveholders who held 35 or more slaves in Limestone County, accounting for 3,824 slaves, or about 47% of the County total. Slaves often worked alongside and sometimes slept under the same roof as their owner. Linkpendium! Punishment was often meted out in response to disobedience or perceived infractions, but sometimes abuse was performed to re-assert the dominance of the master (or overseer) over the slave. The largest numbers of slaves were held in bondage in counties located in either the Tennessee River Valley or the, Alabama gained statehood during a period when. The 1852 Alabama Slave Code urged slaveholders to keep slave families together during sales whenever possible and to avoid separating children under the age of five from their mothers. 1850 Slave Schedules Clarke County (Source: Explore Ancestry for free) ($) Clarke County, Alabama 1860 slaveholders and 1870 African Americans (Source: Large Slaveholders of 1860 and African American Surname Matches from 1870) United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850 Clarke County (Source: FamilySearch) They hoed potatoes and tobacco, but Rev. Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society Instead, place individual profiles into the category corresponding to the county of Alabama where they held enslaved persons. LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES. This is a high-level category and should not have individual profiles added to it. names to locate ancestors can be difficult because the name of a plantation may have been The story of the Clotilda and the people who built Africatown. Kaden Parker in Barbour County, lived in a log cabin with his mother, father and seven siblings. for colored persons from Limestone County, included the following: Georgia, up 80,000 to freed Alabama slaves go if they did not stay in Alabama? Female slaves also endured sexual abuse committed upon them by white men, including acts of rape and molestation. such slaves named in this county. Although many owners ignored the statute, its passage reflected the increasing value that some legislators placed upon maintaining families among the enslaved. Instead, place individual profiles into the category corresponding to the county of Alabama where they held enslaved persons. (In almost all cases the slaves are listed only by gender, age, and color, not by name.) Antonia Leonard is an education expert who has dedicated her life to helping students achieve their academic goals. [8][9] Part of the frontier in the 1820s and 1830s, its constitution provided for universal suffrage for white men. It is estimated by this transcriber that in 1860, slaveholders of Slavery had been theoretically abolished by President Abraham Lincoln 's Emancipation Proclamation which proclaimed, in 1863, that only slaves located in territories that were in rebellion from the United States were free. She has received numerous awards and accolades for her work, including being named one of the "Top 10 Educators to Watch" by Education Week magazine. Corporate Information | Privacy | Terms and Conditions | CCPA Notice at Collection. This database provides a more poignant picture of what it was to live as a slave in the American South. The slavery categories exist to help with tracking the genealogy and family history of pre-Civil War era slaves. According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Limestone The transcriber did not notice any See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. Census data for 1860 Slaves were enumerated in 1860 without giving their names, only their sex and age The African American Heritage Preservation Foundation, Inc. (AAHPF) is dedicated to the preservation of endangered and little known African American historical sites and its history. Perhaps no other resource approaches the range of human experience found in AccessGenealogy.coms Slave Narratives. Well over 90 percent of enslaved Africans were imported into the Caribbean and South America. CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years later, the County and indication of any handicaps, such as deaf or blind Slaves 100 years of age or older were But the timeline fits with what we know of the origins of the slave trade. Where did the freed slaves go who did not stay in this county? Linking names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders on this list 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. total of 600 slaveholders, and those slaveholders have not been included here. WIKITREE PROTECTS MOST SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT STATED IN THE TERMS OF SERVICE AND PRIVACY POLICY. IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. about 1 in 70 being a slaveholder. slaves, or an average of about ten slaves per holder. Categories: Alabama, Slave Owners | Clarke County, Alabama, Slavery. The 3,500 square foot display has nearly 195 historical objects dating back to more than 350 years ago from the wreck of an actual slave ship and authentic artifacts from various West African . Learn more. Antonia is a gifted educator, and she is widely respected within the education community. Theres also no way of discovering, as Malcolm Xemphasized, their true family name. The slave trade ripped families apart, and records from slave ships and plantations often identified enslaved people with multiple or incomplete names. Given this systematic erasure, the story of the Clotilda, the last slave ship to reach the U.S., occupies a profoundly unique place in the history of the transatlantic slave trade. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Limestone County, Alabama (NARA film quality, handwriting interpretation questions and inconsistent counting and page numbering (Credit: Ben Raines/Al.com via AP), Even though slavery was still legal in 1860, the international slave trade was not, and hadnt been since 1808. Taken from The American Slave: A Composite Autobiography, this collection is the most complete available picture of the African-American slavery experience. PLEASE HELP! The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Clarke County, Alabama (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 28) reportedly includes a total of 7,436 slaves. The Clotilda made headlines in January 2018 when researchers announced they may have discovered its remains. [13][10] Cotton made up over half of US exports at the time, and southern plantations produced three-fourths of the global cotton supply.[14]. By the 1870 census, The average slave sold for a few hundred dollars, whereas men between the ages of 17 and 35 who could work in the fields often sold for more than a $1,000. This transcription family tree, surname, vital records, biography, or otherwise Racially Thanks from all of us at Many black laborers refused to continue working the plantations, and chose to migrate to southern urban areas in large numbers.[13][15]. See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. Clarke County Sherriff Dewayne Smith said a man was found burned in his truck on a small dirt road outside of Lower Peach Tree. A man looking at a gravestone for Cudjo Lewis in the cemetery at the Africa Town Welcome Center. In 1861 Alabama seceded from the Union and joined the Confederate States of America, which established its first capital in Montgomery. This spring, the community secured a grant to build a museum, and many researchers and organizations remain interested in searching for the Clotilda. When you find a useful new resource, go to the right Linkpendium page and click Available online at Ancestry.com, FamilySearch.org, and HeritageQuest.com Census records are basic building blocks for everyones research. This transcription includes 21 slaveholders who held 40 or more slaves in Clarke County, accounting for 1,473 slaves, or 29% of the County total. According to Lewis, Meaher responded: Fool do you think I goin give you property on top of property? About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material Though they later determined the vessel theyd found wasnt the Clotilda, the event sparked renewed interest in finding the ship. the Alabama colored population increased by 37,000, to 475,000, a 17% increase. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax Alabama was one of the first seven states to withdraw from the Union prior to the American Civil War. Parker's slaves "were. M., W. H. Hargrove for, 55 Slaves, Page 276B, WATKINS, R. J., Solon Hamlit? occurred.] Categories: Alabama History | United States of America, Slavery | Alabama. acres. Huntsville, Alabama served as temporary capital from 1819 to 1820, when the seat of government moved to Cahaba in Dallas County. Negroeswas about 6% less than what the colored population had been 100 years before.). Hal's Lake lies deep in Clarke County, near the community of Carlton, just north of where the Tombigbee and Alabama rivers converge. TERMINOLOGY. Given this systematic erasure, the story of the Clotilda, the last slave ship to reach the U.S., occupies a profoundly unique place in the history of the transatlantic slave trade. 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