This 1848 print depicts a Ranger astride his horse. Rangers spent a lot of time smashing stills, intercepting bootleg liquor from Mexico, and handcuffing criminals to telephone poles when the jails were too full. Outerstuff. Frankly, Wolfe wrote in his reply, this might just be one where the [Presidio County Historical Commission] isnt going to be happy, and thats why these stories have been untold for so long. Peterson wrote back to say that he had been in touch with members of the THC executive committee, which consists of 15 members appointed by either former Governor Rick Perry or Governor Greg Abbott, and that an email about the controversy had been forwarded to THC chair John Nau. I stopped the marker after talking to Rod [Ponton], Peterson said. Hamer was born on March 17, 1884, in Wilson County, Texas, down below San Antonio. 1976 Dairy Isle Discs #NNO Jose Cardenal . A rush order was sent to the foundry so that the marker would be ready in time for a Labor Day weekend dedication ceremony planned by descendants. Their intent was to chastise Lipan Indians who had been terrorizing Texas frontier settlements and then retreating to sanctuaries in Mexico. These Rangers are now known in history as the "Immortal 32.". Ford and his men pursued Comanche raiders to Indian Territory, crossed the border without permission, and then followed them to their permanent camp on Little Robe Creek. Under his 34-year leadership, the Rangers developed into a world-renowned criminal investigation unit. The most Candelaria families were found in USA in 1880. The new recruits werent yet up to the task, and Texas experienced a new era of lawlessness throughout the 1930s. The US Army responded in 1916 by establishing an army post, Camp Candelaria, that was garrisoned until late 1919. These, historians broadly agree, are the facts of what happened at Porvenir. On December 29, 1845, Texas became part of the United States. And although The Highwaymen. As more and more settlers poured into the frontier, conflicts inevitably arose. Find out the latest game information for your favorite MLB team on CBSSports.com. A lot of people say that this was a lie, Buddy told me. The Yankees sign John Candelaria as a free agent. Find out the latest on your favorite MLB teams on CBSSports.com. In 2006, the THC created the Undertold Markers program, which seemed tailor-made for Porvenir. The Mexican territory of Tejas was opened to settlers on the conditions that they become Mexican citizens, learn Spanish and adopt the Catholic faith. However, the men had to provide their own horses, tack, weapons, and ammunition. With everything that was going on, we didnt want the ugliness of politics involved in it. By everything, she explained, she was referring primarily to the issue of family separation. The TRLEA recognizes the dedication of the Texas Rangers through assistance with educational funding for the . The new center was dedicated as the Texas Ranger Hall of Fame and Museum. We know they are true men; and they know exactly what they are about. In 1918, a state-sanctioned vigilante force killed 15 unarmed Mexicans in Porvenir. 2023 season schedule, scores, stats, and highlights. The Candelaria community was originally known as Gallina. However, in 2008 the bridge was controversially removed by the US Border Patrol because of concerns that it had become, in the words of Border Patrol chief John Smietana, "a route for terrorists, drug traffickers and illegals. Search eBay. This is not a political issue, Shields told me. The date was one of just a few on which Martinez, who was still planning on organizing several public history events in conjunction with the unveiling, had told the agency months prior that she had a schedule conflict. After a three-year review process, the THC approved the final text in July. With the town's population increasing steadily, it became the seat of one of Presidio County's three school districts in 1893. After the Uvalde mass shooting, will the Texas Legislature pass meaningful gun reform? A handful of descendants, including Shields and the Albarados, still plan to attend. Flores pointed out where his old neighbors used to live, even though the buildings were gone. The town's fortunes waned thereafter; with its poor transport links along a 50-mile dirt road to Presidio, its small-scale agriculture could not compete with the industrial farms elsewhere along the Rio Grande. Independence was declared on March 2, and on March 5, Texas joined the Confederate States of America. Finally, in 1919, Representative Jos Tomas Canales of Brownsville requested an investigation of the Rangers before a joint committee. I visited Garcia at her Marfa home, an 1886 adobe thats the same age as the venerable Marfa County Courthouse down the street. He goes 13-7 in . The Texas Rangers all pointed their guns There was no place to hide and nowhere to run. Return to Top; Major League Players. By 1863, all Frontier Regiment Rangers were drafted into the Confederate Army. The satellite view will help you to navigate your way through foreign places with more precise image of the location. To quell the violence, the Rangers implemented their own brand of lynch law against Mexicans and Tejanos. The Homer Garrison Texas Ranger Museum opened in Waco at Fort Fisher, an original 1837 Ranger site. 8th Cavalry Regiment, usually called Terry's Texas Rangers, was organized with 1,170 men at Houston, Texas, in Deptember, 1861. Its a historical issue. In 1906 Frank Hamer joined the storied Texas Rangers. The town stands in the Chihuahuan Desert on the north bank of the Rio Grande, just across from the small Mexican town of San Antonio Del Bravo. The Rangers became such a regular presence in rural areas that one publication nicknamed them prairie patrolmen.. a free agent. That's why last year, she organized a centennial remembrance at the Texas State Capitol in Austin. Visit ESPN to view the latest Texas Rangers news, scores, stats, standings, rumors, and more. With a Mexican blanket tied behind his saddle and small wallet in which he carried salt and ammunition and perhaps a little panola or parched corn, spiced and sweetened a great allayer of thirst and tobacco, he was equipped for a month. On June 1, Presidio County Historical Commission chair Garcia approved the final text. In 2015, Justice teamed up with former Land Commissioner Jerry Patterson and Sul Ross State University archaeologist David Keller on a privately funded excavation at the massacre site. Her father, 12 at the time, matched Warrens description of the student. It's here on January 28, 15 innocent boys and men are executed at the hands of Texas Rangers, U.S. Military, and Big Bend area ranchers. Texas Rangers . [4] The population fell steadily, from 250 in 1925 to 75 by 1940. Now a Texas history museum is recognizing a forgotten part of history. ", Jesus Moralez feels frustrated by the mystery. Ive spent quite a bit of time talking with the chairman and vice-chairman [of the THC]. John C. Caperton, author of Sketch of Colonel John C. Hays, Texas Ranger. Seasons. Over 100 years ago, our ancestors were massacred, and the reason they were massacred was because of lies that people were stating as facts, she told me in El Paso. With that, the legend of the Texas Rangers began. Was referenced recently in the movie The Highway Men - 2019, Last edited on 21 December 2022, at 02:25, U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Candelaria, Texas, "In Rural West Texas, Illegal Border Crossings Are Routine For U.S. Citizens", "CANDELARIA, TEXAS (411416), Period of Record Monthly Climate Summary", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Candelaria,_Texas&oldid=1128618979, This page was last edited on 21 December 2022, at 02:25. There are radicals in the brown power movement that only want the story told of Rangers and [the] Army and gringos killing innocent Mexicans, Justice told me when we met in his garage, which doubles as the office for Rimrock Press, a publishing company whose catalog consists entirely of Justices own work. After all this time, he still hopes to find the truth. [2] Get directions, find nearby businesses and places, and much more. Thirty-two Rangers reached the fort on March 1. An Observer investigation, involving dozens of interviews and hundreds of emails obtained through an open records request, reveals a county still struggling to move on from a racist and violent past, far-right amateur historians sowing disinformation and a state agency that acted against its own best judgment. 1 of 42 A 1915 postcard, 'Dead Mexican bandits' shows three Texas Rangers on horseback posed behind the bodies of four Tejanos killed apparently at random in retaliation of an earlier raid . "Why they were massacred.". Flacco, a Lipan Apache chief, served under Ranger John (Jack) Coffee Hays in 1841 and 1842. In 2013, Martinez, by then an assistant professor at Brown University, co-founded Refusing to Forget, a group of historians aiming to create broader public awareness of border violence, including Porvenir and other extrajudicial killings of Mexicans by Texas Rangers during the same period. In the early years Frank rode trails near the Rio Grande, captured rustlers, smugglers, bootleggers and bandits with Company C of the Texas Rangers, Captained by John H. Rogers. Hamer joined the Rangers in April 1906. - Victoria Advocate newspaper. April is a warm spring month in Candelaria, Texas, with average temperature ranging between max 75.2F (24C) and min 52.9F (11.6C). No one was ever prosecuted. Benita and Buddy Albarado told me that Shields views represent a small minority of descendants. Ferguson's men formed an ineffective and often sleazy "Special Ranger" force and crime rose steadily. Governor Sam Houston refused to take an oath of loyalty to the Confederacy. 95. Maney Gault's career as a Texas Ranger started in 1929 after his friend, Texas Ranger Capt. Browse Locations. That call set in motion the sequence of events that would ultimately derail the marker. An Observer review of hundreds of emails shows that the state commission was aware of potential controversy over the marker from the very beginning. Ranger Exhibit Home Republic of Texas, 1836-1854 Early Statehood, 1845-1860 The American Civil War, 1861-1865 Reconstruction in Texas, 1865-1874 Late 19th Century, 1875-1901 Early 20th Century, 1900-1920 Spotlight: Muster Rolls and Oath of Enlistment Lobby Exhibits Home Republic of Texas, 1836-1845 View items in this exhibit Indian Depredations in Texas, Illustration from Some Mexicans even gave them the nickname los diablos Tejanos: the devil Texans. New Mexico had the highest population of Candelaria families in 1880. Site made in collaboration with CMYK. All able-bodied men were required to report for service to the Confederate Army. They make it their business to battle crime in Dallas and all around the Great State of Texas. Canales concluded that the murdered men were unarmed and innocent, targeted solely because of their ethnicity by a vigilante force organized at the Brite Ranch. It was known initially as Gallina ("chicken" in Spanish) before being renamed as Candelaria. Nonetheless, THC History Programs Director Charles Sadnick sent an email to agency staff the same day: After getting some more context about where the marker sponsor may be coming from, were halting production on the marker., The American Historical Association quickly condemned the THCs decision, as did the office of state Senator Jos Rodrguez, a Democrat whose district includes both Presidio County and El Paso, where the ceremony was to be held. Flores Smith says that Juan never forgot what he saw that day, explaining he struggled for years with symptoms of PTSD. (Garcia told me that she thought she was approving a different text. Walker and his partner Trivette are Texas Rangers. All Rangers were called in to stop the much-anticipated Fitzsimmons-Maher fight. In 1823, empresario Stephen F. Austin announced he would supplement the Mexican governments militia patrols with his own force of ten men, whom he paid out of his own pocket. The Mexican government advised Stephen F. Austin that it would not provide resources to administer or defend the fledgling Tejas colonies. The Mexican Revolution is underway, and racial and political tensions along the U.S.-Mexico border are heightened. The work on a revised Porvenir massacre text proceeded quickly, with few points of contention, once it began in mid-September. Retired Ranger Captain Frank Hamer (who brought down Bonnie and Clyde) wrote a letter to King George V of England offering the services of 49 retired Rangers to help defend England against German invasion. Outlets must also tag the Observer in all social media posts. Warren also described how one of his students from Porvenir had come to his house the next morning to tell him what happened, and then traveled with him to the massacre site to identify the bodies, many of which were so mutilated as to be virtually unrecognizable. Its here on January 28, 15 innocent boys and men are executed at the hands of Texas Rangers, U.S. Military, and Big Bend area ranchers. Then, on August 3, Presidio County Historical Commission Chair Mona Blocker Garcia sent an email to the THC that upended everything. 1/15/86 . On October 3, the Texas Legislature declared "prizefighting" (boxing) illegal in the state. Subscribe to get your weekly dose of horse-riding cowboys, action-packed saloon. "I was sitting there going 'I can't believe this actually happened.' Rookie Status: Exceeded rookie limits during 2017 season During the Mexican Revolution,Texas Rangers and other vigilantes murdered scores of Mexican-Americans. Cattlemen and ranchers went to war over the practice of stringing barbed wire around plots of land. It creates the logic that these raids caused this massacre, that it was retribution for these men and boys participating.. White and others in Presidio County subscribe to an alternative history of the Porvenir massacre, centering on the notion that the Porvenir residents were involved in the bloody Christmas Day raid. He guided Buddy to the bluff where the men were killed a different location than the one commonly believed by local ranchers to be the massacre site. The idea of additional plaques to provide so-called context that could be interpreted as justifying the massacre or at the very least setting up a false moral equivalence appears to have mollified critics like White, Garcia and Justice. The Candelaria family name was found in the USA between 1880 and 1920. The marker was sent to the foundry on September 18. No one involved in the massacre despite an investigation into the Texas Rangers was ever indicted. Please notify us by email that the article will be republished at, THE ROBERT RUNYON PHOTOGRAPH COLLECTION, IMAGE 00097, COURTESY OF THE CENTER FOR AMERICAN HISTORY, THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, Courtesy Monica Muoz Martinez/Bullock Texas State History Museum, Bryan Wildenthal Memorial Library/Sul Ross State University, Jessica Lutz/IWMF Fellow Adelante Reporting Initiative, Gabriel Garca Mrquez and the (Comforting) Case for Embracing Failure, A Joyful El Paso Art Exhibit Imagines a World Ruled by Latinx People, The Secrets We Kept is a Finely-Structured Story of Secrets, Spies, and Secretaries. During the Texas Revolution, the Texas provisional government authorized Rangers to be paid $1.25 per day plus $5.00 per month for food and supplies; officers earned $50 to $60 per month. Courtesy Texas State Library and Archives Commission. Hamer rejoined the Ranger in 1915. In the days after the massacre, the Texas Rangers commander, Captain J.M. Representative Jos T. Canales of Brownsville insisted on a legislative investigation. The original Garrison Ranger Museum in Waco was renamed and expanded to include a memorial library and a research center. Buy . On August 6, the day before the decision to halt the marker, Charles Sadnick, the history programs director, wrote Wolfe to say that the bigger problem was the ceremony, where he worried there might be disagreements among Presidio County residents, and which he described as involving some politics which we dont want a part of.. EPA moves away from Permian Basin air pollution crackdown, A new bipartisan group of Texas lawmakers wants to highlight the states fragile water infrastructure, El noticiero semanal: Despidos controvertidos en Odessa, y una nueva investigacin sobre los osos de la regin Big Bend, Natural gas company considering new West Texas-Mexico pipeline. "It's not a secret anymore. In the late 1910s, the role of Rangers in Texas was once again called into question as violence and scandal breached public trust and challenged their role as frontier heroes. Soon bullets and arrows flew. For more than 50 years, Webbs account was considered the definitive one of the massacre though, unsurprisingly, he didnt use that word. Why do you call it a massacre? is the first thing Jim White III said over the phone when I told him I was researching the Porvenir massacre. Our host here was ranch owner / retired veterinarian, Dr. Harry Miller, whose son (also Harry Miller) owns the adjacent Circle Dug Ranch. To protect the new Texans, Ranger companies patrolled the frontier as well as the border with Mexico. They came to the ranch of Manuel Moralez and separated fifteen able-bodied men and boys from the women, children and other men. In response to the increasing number of attacks by Quinoness and Leals men, Hays was given broad legal powers to track down the thieves and execute them without trial, which he did. Diana Nguyen is a reporter for Marfa Public Radio. Moses Austin, a founder of America's lead industry, obtained government permission to bring colonists to the territory. It was during this time that Ranger Captain Manuel "Lone Wolf" Gonzaullas cemented his legend as a one-man law enforcement agency along the Texas border. As the number of settlers to Texas increased, so did the number of attacks as the Americans Indians were driven off their tribal lands. Marketplace. "It hit us like a ton of bricks, and we had, we did have to cope with it," she says. During the Texas Revolution, the force formalized from a security force for settlers to well-trained soldiers and finally into lawmen delivering justice to an untamed frontier. Like lots of other children in Texas, Valencia didnt know about the Porvenir Massacre growing up because it's not commonly taught in schools. Like Hamer, Gault was as comfortable enforcing the law on horseback as in a patrol car. Major League Leaders . He was the screenwriter on the deeply affecting "A Perfect World" (1993), the Clint Eastwood-directed film starring Eastwood as a legendary Texas Ranger on the trail of a career criminal named. What other story related to this topic would you like to share. Then she came across the archival papers of Harry Warren, a schoolteacher, lawyer and son-in-law of Tiburcio Jquez, one of the men who was murdered. The Texas Legislature authorized mass inductions of men to serve as Ranger forces. The Ranger Creek Estate, located in a coveted portion of the Hill Country and minutes from Boerne, offers all the . General Zachary Taylor said of the Rangers under his command, There is scarcely a form of crime that has not been reported to me as committed by them.. In the summer of 1917, Presidio County deputy sheriff John Fletcher Rawls, a rancher in the Casa Piedra area of Presidio County, Texas was wounded in a shootout in the Anaya Cafe on Main Street in Presidio , Texas. Raids by Mexican outlaws intent on reclaiming Texas land (as outlined in the Plan de San Diego) escalated into guerrilla warfare. He was referring to Refusing to Forget and in particular Martinez, the markers sponsor. We want people to know the truth of what really happened [at Porvenir], Buddy told me, and to know who it was that got this historical marker put there., Others, like Arlinda Valencia, planned to stay home. While the U.S. Army was officially in charge of keeping pioneers safe from attacks, there often werent enough soldiers to do the job effectively. When I asked if there was any evidence that the boy actually existed, she acknowledged the story was folklore. Still, she said, the story has lasted 100 years. Thus, the Texas Rangers were born. People Texas Rangers outfielder Gary Ward has left the team for the fourth time . In January 1918 the residents of Porvenir were landowners and farmers, who raised livestock, grew produce, and raised their families in an arid desert climate. Trainer's Room Angels starter John Candelaria left after 4 2-3 innings Sunday because of a stiff left elbow. When I explained that the state-sanctioned extrajudicial execution of 15 men and boys met all the criteria I could think of for a massacre, he shot back, It sounds like you already have your opinion.. In Candelaria, Texas, Families Cross the Border on Steel Cables & Prayers Border and Immigration Crossing Over For families living on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border, breaching the. Co. B (II), Gillespie County, 3 rd Frontier District TST 1864: . Cotton was also grown locally. And the Calanche curse seemingly continued. They protected settlers and enforced laws, but also sometimes executed thieves without a trial, drove Native American tribes from their homelands, and some Rangers even lynched Mexicans and Mexican Americans along the Texas-Mexico border. There are proven details surrounding the Porvenir Massacre: on January 28, 1918, 15 boys and men were killed at the hands of authorities. John (Jack) Coffee Hays led a company of Rangers toward Plum Creek. As time passed, the historical records of the massacre, including Harry Warrens papers, affidavits from widows and other relatives and witness testimony from the various investigations, were largely forgotten. But if youve got a historical marker, the state has to acknowledge what happened. Their efforts were met by resistance from powerful ranching families, who held sway over the local historical commission. I didnt want to take my father to a mob scene, Shields told me over the phone, by way of explaining her opposition to the dedication ceremony. The Rangers lead the department's border security program with a mission to deter, detect and interdict criminal activity across the Texas/Mexico border. frank hamer and maney gault candelaria Home Dressage Facilities Livery Rehabilitation Centre Sponsorship Opportunities Contact frank hamer and maney gault candelaria They freeze, powerless, weak. 1 - 2 of 2 listings - Browse Candelaria, Texas properties for sale on Land.com. Garcia cited a story a Brite descendant had told her about a young goat herder from Porvenir who purportedly witnessed the Christmas Day raid, told authorities about the perpetrators from his community and then disappeared without a trace into a witness protection program in Oklahoma. How do the Texas Rangers help tell Texas's story? Territory lost in the Mexican WarTexas, New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, and Californiawould be "freed" and annexed to Mexico. We have set your language to We begin to tick off the seconds as it goes on and on, long after there is no chance of survival for either one. The town stands in the Chihuahuan Desert on the north bank of the Rio Grande, just across from the small Mexican town of San Antonio Del Bravo. Texas drew up a state constitution in October 1845 and was admitted as the 28th U.S. state by the end of the year. Find Art Candelaria's phone number, The Rangers also assisted local law enforcement when the Sabine County Sheriff asked for help bringing in the Conner Gang, which was terrorizing the entire county. The Rangers prowess in battle was striking, and by the end of the war the words Texas Ranger evoked images of fierce fighters and expert trackers around the world. I seriously doubt that they were just killed for no reason. Once hed heard about the historical marker, he said, hed talked to everyone he knew about it, including former Texas Land Commissioner Jerry Patterson and Mona Blocker Garcia. The statesman retired to Huntsville where he died two years later. "We should be able to say a hundred years later that that's a tragedy.". . A new era of Ranger history had begun. In the early morning hours of Jan. 28, 1918, a group of ranchers, Texas Rangers, and U.S. Army cavalry soldiers entered the village and rousted the residents from their beds. Although F.D.R. December 11, 2000: Texas signs Alex Rodriguez to a 10-year, $252 million contract that more than doubles . Governor James V. Allred took office in January and fired every Special Ranger appointed by Ma Ferguson. In 1915, tensions between Anglos and ethnic Mexicans along the Texas-Mexico border exploded into violence between the two groups. Hundreds of people came to honor the victims and Jose T. Canales, a state representative who led an investigation of the Texas Rangers. Its hard to commemorate such a period of violence, in the midst of another ongoing humanitarian crisis, when this period of violence shaped the institutions of policing that we have today., In the end, the Porvenir descendants will get their marker but it may come at a cost. Texas balked on the slavery issue, which prompted Congress to require that the Texas Legislature also pass the 14th and 15th Amendments before being considered for readmission. The Brite family name, however, was everywhere. > John Candelaria Statistics and History. Some were also motivated by the desire to take revenge on American Indians for past raids. Welcome to Wild Westerns, home to all your favorite western movies and shows. Under the new leadership of Captains William L. Wright, Thomas R. Hickman, and Frank Hamer, the Rangers reformed and performed as a more professional force in the 1920s. After the 1836 Texas Revolution, a wave of new settlers headed to Texas enticed by acres of land offered for little money. The Albarados had already given up when they met Monica Muoz Martinez, a Yale graduate student from Uvalde, who interviewed them for her dissertation. The first Texas Rangers were minutemen hired by settlers as protection against Native American attacks. 85-year-old Paula Flores Smith lives in Arlington and is also related to Arlinda Valencias great-grandfather. But even with the Texas Historical Commissions marker there are still questions left unanswered for Moralez. The stage was set for the Battle of Plum Creek. Daniel Blue Tyx lives in McAllen. Texas Rangers Winter Caravan is back Starting Thursday, we are rolling through the Metroplex to meet you! 5.0 5.0 out of 5 stars (1) $24.95 $ 24. Austin hired ten men to "act as rangers for the common defense" against Indian raids. The Porvenir Massacre was one of a series of clashes between Mexican-descent men and the Texas Rangers set off by the Mexican Revolution and accompanying events. Garcias last-minute letter may have been a factor, but it wasnt the only one. She had a hard time believing it was true, but then started to track her genealogy and found documentation of her great-grandfathers murder. A version of this story ran in the December 2018 issue. She believed the rumor that ORourke and Gutirrez would be involved. Later, he claimed that residents had participated in the Christmas Day raid. For many, the victory confirmed that Texas needed to rely on its Ranger force, and not the U.S. Army, for protection. Shields is a bit resigned, understanding she'll never fully know what happened that day. Unsatisfied with the protection the Mexican government provided, Stephen F. Austin created his own force of rangers to protect the men and women living in his colony. June 1998: Billionaire and Dallas Stars owner Tom Hicks purchases the Rangers for $250 million, the second-highest price ever for a MLB team. Of the four plausible competitors in the division, the Rangers will need the biggest turnaround, since 2022 was rough. Garcia, 82, is Anglo, and married to a former oil executive whose ancestry, she explained, is Spanish and French Basque. He also remembered the names of the ranchers who had shown up at his door. Frank Hamer, the former Texas Ranger who tracked them down and arranged for the proverbial hail of bullets that killed them, is portrayed as a ruthless stooge of the Establishment. A lie, Buddy told me that she thought she was referring to Refusing to Forget in..... a free agent Rangers will need the biggest turnaround, since 2022 was.! Under his 34-year leadership, the men had to provide their own brand of lynch law against and... I stopped the marker from the very beginning into guerrilla warfare said over the phone when told... 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In 1893 marker, the state two groups the Brite family name, however, was everywhere everything she., once it began in mid-September Hays in 1841 and 1842 of Fame and Museum rely on its Ranger,! Signs Alex Rodriguez to a 10-year, $ 252 candelaria, texas rangers contract that than! Just candelaria, texas rangers for no reason happened at Porvenir your favorite MLB team on CBSSports.com because. Settlers headed to Texas enticed by acres of land required to report for service the... Coveted portion of the THC ] Rangers all pointed their guns there was no to.
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