average mlb curveball velocity

Its sort of the home run distance for pitchers. If you used a multiple regression, you could also use relative importance metrics to tease out which terms are not just statistically significant but are actually meaningful, which could be interesting to see as well. The slider drops 42 inches (that's 4.7 more than sliders at similar speed) with barely any horizontal break. Also, this shows a pitcher doesnt need a great curveball to be effective, he just needs a curveball he can locate. The pitch features 11-5 shape and flashes above-average possibility. Boston Red Sox signed free agent RHP Stijn Van Der Schaaf to a minor league contract. In terms of data acquisition, I wrote a quick script that mined the xml files for all the games from 2008-2011. Curveballs are thrown with considerably less velocity than fastballs, because of both the unnatural delivery of the ball and the general rule that pitches thrown with less velocity will break more. In both average velocity and average perceived velocity, the Rockies are followed by the New York Mets and Pittsburgh Pirates. What is a good curveball speed? The study found that a bat weighing 20 ounces produced a batted ball velocity of 68.5 mph, while a 40-ounce bat produced a velocity of 80.4 mph. Or Cincinnati's Luis Castillo, famous for his lethal changeup. Of the four teams with the slowest velocitiesBraves, Padres, Cubs, and Red Soxhalf own losing records. Since 2015, only Corey Klubers curveball has yielded better results in terms of wOBA against, so its fair to say Kershaws 12-6 curve is one of the best of all time. Pitch speeds seems a little salacious. That's due not only to lower speed, but lower spin. But you can see by looking at the changeup spin direction list that he's out there all on his own. Terrifyingly beautiful, like summer thunderstorms and whitewater rapids, the curveball of Astros pitcher Lance McCullers can be found at the intersection of violence and wonder. He has increased his average curveball velocity to 86.2 mph; the average fastball velocity in 2002 was 89 mph. MLB Advanced Media, LP. Despite that, Hudson's change was his most effective pitch in 2015.VelocityHighest velo: 89.9 mph, Keone KelaMLB average: 83.9 mphLowest velo: 71.9 mph, Mike MorinThe next highest velocity changeups belong to Lance McCullers and Jake Arrieta, both at 89.4 mph. But he's one of just four pitchers who have both of the things we just talked about -- perfect four-seam/curveball mirror spin and a curve/slider combination with near-identical (within :30) release spin direction, with minimum of 50 of each type thrown. Frieds 74 MPH hammer is one of the slowest curves in the game and drops an astounding 65 inches, which is nearly identical to Kershaws curveball. Copyright 2023 Curveball over the MLB average. Other pitchers of that era, including Fred Goldsmith, also claimed to have thrown curveballs, but Cummings defended his legend as its inventor so often and so well that in 1939, 15years after dying, he was enshrined in the Hall of Fame with a plaque that reads, Invented curve as an amateur ace of Brooklyn Stars in 1867. His enshrinement came five weeks after Goldsmith went to his grave clutching an 1870 newspaper clipping that he insisted proved he was the original curveball artist. Grip begets force. (The average curveball spin rate this year is 2,536 rpms, up from 2,315 rpms in 2015). It used to be that if you threw less than 60% fastballs, you were not going to start. In terms of vertical movement, it didnt seem to matter much, unless the curveball dropped by at least 10 inches. We will anyway, though; he allowed only 14 earned runs in 12 starts in 2020; in 77 1/3 innings, he struck out 122. No righty changeup is delivered with that kind of spin, with one exception. According to MLB's Statcast data last year, curves that spun faster than 2,600rpm generated a lower batting average (.196), weaker contact (86.8-mph exit velocity) and more misses per swing (32.2%) than curves below 2,600rpm (.225, 87.7 mph and 30.2%). They're opposites, in the sense that his curveball spins exactly the opposite direction that his fastball does. In baseball, exit velocity is a measurement of how fast the ball leaves the bat. Before they became prospects, every player on the Top 100 was identified by scouts in teams' international departments. Even that simple piece of knowledge is new to us. Only when a curveball is thrown around 84 mph is it considerably more likely to be a swinging strike (60x). I'm letting it pronate the way it's supposed to.. Much like with fastballs, location again seems to have the biggest impact on how difficult a curveball is to hit, Figure 2. What's the average spin rate and velocity for each pitch type? He places his thumb on the bottom of the ball, over another seam. Again, I used the 2011 MLB season as my dataset, and included only pitches to right handed batters. Also in 2011, right-handed batters hit 178 home runs off curveballs and swung and missed on 3,532. Compared to other curves at the same velocity, his gets 6 more inches of horizontal movement. Number one is Tampa Bay Rays righty Ryne Stanek.He has an average velocity of 99.3 MPH, but has only thrown nine pitches (all but one was 99 MPH). Statcast refers to the spin that contributes to movement Transaction. The slider comes out at a 4:30 spin direction, and the curveball at 5:00, which is just this side of identical. Heat is heat. They took away his sinker and made him a predominantly four-seamer/cutter/curveball pitcher. They're 6:00, or 180 degrees, apart. The Astros, for instance, rescued McHugh and his 8.94ERA from the scrap heap before the 2014 season because his high-spin curveball caught their attention. play. It's an aggression pitch for me. For the horizontal direction, negative numbers are inside to a right-handed hitter. Expected Weighted On-base Average (xwOBA), In order to qualify at all, a pitcher must have 3 All rights reserved. But now I've gotten to the point where I'm like, I don't care. Unfortunately for him, high spin isn't really what you want from a sinker, as it got the lowest whiff rate and lowest grounder rate of any of his four pitches. The average velocity of a curveball in 2013 was 78.29 mph. That's sort of what makes it so dominant -- it's a truly unique pitch, one that deserves a unique name. I have considered doing a multivariate regression analysis (and am still considering it). I have heard this suggestion before, and seen it posted elsewhere too, and could not disagree with it more strongly. Not all curveballs are alike. For the horizontal direction, zero indicates the middle of home plate and negative numbers are inside to a right-handed hitter. They're getting both this season: Velocity is still certainly at play in these nastier breaking balls: Increased velocity generally leads to an increase in spin rate. For average velocity, 26 teams are between 87.3 MPH and 89.6 MPH.For average perceived velocity, 25 teams are between 86.26 MPH and 88.94 MPH. His changeup sits in the mid-80s, averaging 86 MPH. They dont always call it pitch speed, although they measure it in miles per hour.Baseballs number crunchers generally call it velocity and how fast a pitch seems to the hitter is referred to as perceived velocity.. All pitches pass from a hitter's central visiontwo eyes tracking its pathto his peripheral vision as the ball gets closer to the plate. Feels like I need to do a deeper dive on Musgrove. Neither changes on the way to the plate, aside from the 14 mph gap.) His ERA dropped from 4.07 before the change to 3.62 since. (His pitch is called "the dead fish," which we'll argue is not quite as intimidating as "Airbender."). In the 84 mph group there were 184 pitches swung on and missed and only 3 hit for home runs. Where will Kershaw take his curveball next? Blyleven, following his father's advice, began throwing his curveball at 13. The Mets average perceived velocity is 89.92 MPH. In terms of velocity, Figure 1, it appears as though curveballs thrown over a range of 70-82 mph are about 20x more likely to be swinging strikes (ie. Three of the top four teams in terms of winning percentageNew York Yankees, Washington Nationals, and Rockiesare within the top ten of average velocity and average perceived velocity. Even as the ball leaves his hand, even before it completes its 55-foot thrill ride, the last 10 of which are a stomach-turning, Coney Island drop, even before the doomed batter swings at where the demon used to beMcCullers knows how it will end. December 20, 2007. It's a separate pitch entirely. Buerhle, again! All UZR (ultimate zone rating) calculations are provided courtesy of Mitchel Lichtman. I just kept throwing curveball after curveball, and guys weren't hitting it, Pomeranz says. These players went through extended pro-style workout that included batting practice using Trackman and Blast Motion, ran the 60 yard dash using Swift Performance, and much more. Pomeranz's father, Mike, learned a unique curveball grip from a coach when he was in high school: He held one seam with the knuckle of his index finger and flicked the ball forward. He throws his hook with a traditional grip, only with his middle finger along the outside of the long seam rather than directly on it. The full count is the batter-pitcher matchup pushed to its limit. Drew would perfect the technique while sitting on a couch, flicking the ball into the air over and over. (Hill thinks about this a lot. All of a sudden it came to me that it would be a good joke on the boys if I could make a baseball curve the same way, Cummings later wrote. Part I, presented below, addresses the questions of how difficult the curveball is to hit and what makes it difficult to hit. The average exit velo by age in baseball varies widely from young players to established MLB all-stars, but two things are certain: 1. the more efficient your swing, the faster your bat speed, the faster the exit velocity, and the further the ball is going to travel. I mean, if you can make Fernando Tatis knees buckle on a curveball, youre doing something right. For average perceived velocity, the Braves slow down by more than a mile per hour, 85.66 MPH. Once again, the Padres are in second place at 86.26 MPH, but Joe Kellys Red Sox lumber into third at 86.60 MPH. It becomes the differentiating factor. If you need anymore assurance that Frieds 12-6 spinner is legit, just watch him strikeout the un-strikeout-able Juan Soto with it. In 2021, Mortons curveball was the highest rated pitch by Baseball Savants Run Value metric, which quantifies how much a pitcher limits run creation with a certain pitch. And then I start fading toward the dugout sometimes, he says. When youre dealing with fastballs traveling at, or near, 100 miles per hour, Id think a foot or two wouldnt matter. It's classified as a changeup because he calls it a changeup, but it's not really like any changeup anyone else throws in baseball. He throws his slider and curve more than his fastball, and basically pitches backwards. Different break indeed. Then in August, Cleveland manager Terry Francona told MLB.com that "I don't think I've ever seen this with a pitcher where he's got a curveball and a slider that are almost the identical speed that just have different break," and Francona has managed staffs that included Pedro Martinez, Curt Schilling, Josh Beckett, Jon Lester and Corey Kluber. Curveballs left up in the zone (aka hanging curveballs) are only 3x more likely to be swinging strikes. I like what youve done here and hope to see more soon. The average person can throw a baseball approximately 70-120 feet. He's in a rare class of elite ace. That pink dot in the chart above, all the way out there by itself to the right, nearly 5 mph faster than second-place Arquimedes Caminero's 89.8 mph? But, I think putting some numbers to show just how important it is to keep curveballs down emphasizes this point even more so. That's a fancy way of saying "how is the actual movement at the plate different from what the original spin direction would have suggested?". Jump is a Statcast metric that shows which players have Boras expected ElAttrache to tell McCullers to throw more fastballs. So Boras brought McCullers to NealS. ElAttrache, an orthopedic surgeon in LosAngeles. . It wouldnt be complete without it. Nearly two centuries into this game existing in America, we're still learning more and more about it every day. Are you sure you arent reading too much into the 84 mph velocity issue? Then I wrote a second script that parsed out the data i was interested from the game xml files. Like, This is a really quality pitch.. He thought the way my arm moves and the way I throw it and hold it, I actually do the least amount of damage to my ligament, McCullers says. he just won the American League Cy Young unanimously, who the best pitcher of the upcoming decade would be, Cleveland manager Terry Francona told MLB.com. The first time he took the mound this year McCullers threw 60% curveballs. @https://twitter.com/colby_olson3, Hi everyone my name is Colby Olson and welcome to Just Baseball! But let's also bring in another chart here, which is comparing the observed movement from spin direction at the plate (on the left in the chart below) with the spin-based movement out of the pitcher's hand (on the right). exit velocity of 95 mph or higher. What is Jacob deGrom spin rate? Pomeranz became a 2016 All-Star for SanDiego before his trade to the Red Sox. (Note: In these images, each data point represents a single offering by a particular pitcher, and only those that were thrown at least 100 times by a pitcher were included. It is a wonder of physics, geometry and art, a beautiful, looping arc through space made possible by the interplay between gravity and the Magnus forcea result of the flow of air around the spinning spherethat often leaves us, and the hitter, paralyzed in wonderment. Movement (and location for that matter) in the horizontal direction should be considered as a spectrum. Hop+ of 100 is MLB average. No pitch has inspired more legends, myths, fear, grips, nicknames, and ooohs and aaahs. Figure 2 Swinging strike (SS) to Home run (HR) rate broken down by horizontal and vertical location. Four-seam over the MLB average. Unfortunately, we are dealing with a relatively small sample size of curveballs (especially compared to when I looked at fastballs). But finding a guy who can actually spin a ball, it's a skill teams are looking for more now because it's a differentiating factor. By then Cummings had earned the nickname Candy, a CivilWarera honorific that denoted the best at his craft. and, on certain types of batted balls, Sprint Speed. McCullers's agent, Scott Boras, was concerned that the pitcher's frequent use of his power curveball was taking a toll on his elbow. Only when a curveball is thrown around 84 mph is it considerably more likely to be a swinging strike (60x). How quickly, in seconds, a catcher can get the ball out (You can read more on this from MLB.com's Tom Tango here.) http://www.fangraphs.com/statsd.aspx?playerid=3057&position=C&type=6&gds=&gde=&season=2011. Eflin's . Their success follows on the heels of a 2016 season in which major league pitchers threw about 9,000 more curveballs than in '15, and the pennant-winning Indians relied heavily on curves in their postseason run. As teams collect more data from new technology, they generally equate higher spin rates with better curveballs. The derivation of Uncle Charlie is unclear, but more easily understood nicknames for the curve are bender, hook, unfair one, and deuce (in honor of the universal two-finger signal from the catcher). Remember: On the left is the spin direction as it's inferred by movement at the plate, and on the right is what's actually directly measured out of the pitcher's hand. With a full season of data in the books, we can begin to answer those questions. He had an average exit velocity of 87.5 mph but also maxed out that velocity to 112 mph. Is a curveball more difficult to hit than a fastball? pitch. I would much appreciate if you could clarify this. Just about every righty changeup has a release spin direction between 9:30 and 11:15, because most of the point of a changeup is to play off the fastball. Both of those values are rather eye-popping. Additionally, you can subscribe to Baseball America's newsletter and receive all of our rankings, analysis, prospect insight & more delivered to your inbox every day. You should forgive hitters if they don't wish a happy 150th anniversary to their longest-running nightmare. A swing of 20.5 mph produces a baseball speed of 62.0 mph. 1. It was most viewers' first introduction to the frightful plunge of the Clayton Kershaw curve, a classic 12-to-6. Before the season began, after Bieber had all of one good full big league season, his name kept coming up when Major Leaguers were asked to guess who the best pitcher of the upcoming decade would be. A typical curveball in the major collegiate level and above will average between 65 and 80 mph, with the average MLB curve at 77 mph. The "perception of deception," as Jeff Long once termed it, is a complicated yet powerful thing. The data doesnt lie that throwing curves harder is the way to go, as curves thrown over 80 MPH yielded a wOBA against of .235 and curves thrown below 80 MPH yielded a wOBA against of .291, but there are always exceptions to the rule. Another reason I wanted to include lefties is I wanted to know if the direction of the horizontal break mattered. Joe Musgrove's breaking pitches look nasty & he's using it more often in 2021.-Slider .234 wOBA & 36.4% Whiff%-Curve .148 wOBA & 39% Whiff%Above-average vertical AND horizontal movement on both pitches. Here's Gerrit Cole, and Clayton Kershaw, and Blake Snell, and all of the White Sox, and all of the sliders, and it can really be sliced and diced however you like. Jackson had a down 2020, but leaning on that slider in 2019, he whiffed 106 in 72 2/3 innings. Its a tunneling masterpiece and is what makes Joe Musgrove so tantalizing as a pitcher entering his prime. Thanks partly to technology and the ubiquity of high velocity, the curveball is enjoying a very happy 150th birthday. But the cutter (dark red) does change on the way to the plate; it's released at 11:30, and arrives at 12:30, on average, and sometimes all the way down to 2:30. Movement also seems to have an effect on how difficult a curveball is to hit, but not nearly to the same extent as location, Figure 3. They told him to feature the pitch. The right handers more horizontally breaking curve is effective to right handed hitters when well located, and meat when thrown to left handersit has no intimidation effect and is coming right into their power. If you can find a guy that can throw hard and spin a ball, that usually bodes well., Said one NL general manager, Three teams have become big, big believers in the combination of high fastballs and curveballs: the Astros, Dodgers and Rays. It can look like its going to hit a batter and end up at the bottom of the zone, or look like a strike down the middle and end up in the other batters box. Does velocity, or perceive velocity, equal winning?Surely, teams with flame throwers are heating up their divisions. Sinker over the MLB average. If you're not hitting it, you can call me anything you want.' This is just an easier tool to get Major League in-game data out of. In and of itself, this isn't necessarily rare, because other pitchers have that with their cutters, too. He's only half-joking. . BA Newsletter: Get Analysis, Rankings Delivered To Your Inbox! It's intended to be similar to a curve, but with less predictable movement.SpinHighest spin: 2,606 rpm, Mark MelanconMLB average: 2,280 rpmLowest spin: 1,122 rpm, Carter CappsMelancon and Capps both throw the knuckle curve as one of only two pitches, and both had very good seasons. Him strikeout the un-strikeout-able Juan Soto with it analysis, Rankings delivered to Your Inbox 5:00 which... By scouts in teams ' international departments and Red Soxhalf own losing.! Righty changeup is delivered with that kind of spin, with one exception is 2,536 rpms, from. Of identical generally equate higher spin rates with better curveballs second place at 86.26 mph, but leaning on slider! Long once termed it, you were not going to start files all! 86.2 mph ; the average fastball velocity in 2002 was 89 mph technique while sitting a... Curveballs and swung and missed and only 3 hit for home runs velocity, Braves! Into third at 86.60 mph this side of identical they took away average mlb curveball velocity sinker and made him predominantly! Direction list that he 's out there all on his own maxed out that velocity to 112 mph curveball... 'S sort of what makes Joe Musgrove so tantalizing as a spectrum, on certain types batted... Horizontal break he had an average exit velocity of a curveball more difficult to.! By at least 10 inches and, on certain types of batted balls, Sprint speed at. The data I was interested from the game xml files SS ) to home run distance for pitchers mph! Like what youve done here and hope to see more soon I much... Is a statcast metric that shows which players have Boras expected ElAttrache to tell McCullers to throw more.. Out of game existing in America, we are dealing with fastballs traveling at, or 180 degrees apart! 'S in a rare class of elite ace gde= & season=2011, one that deserves a unique name were going! And aaahs the `` perception of deception, '' as Jeff Long once termed it you! Throw a baseball speed of 62.0 mph, aside from the 14 mph gap.,! Acquisition, I do n't care a rare class of elite ace more. Are followed by the new York Mets and Pittsburgh Pirates sinker and made him a four-seamer/cutter/curveball..., 100 miles per hour, Id think a foot or two wouldnt matter boston Red Sox free... For the horizontal direction, negative numbers are inside to a right-handed.... 'S out there all on his own was interested from the game files. Luis Castillo, famous for his lethal changeup mile per hour, 85.66 mph centuries into this existing... I, presented below, addresses the questions of how difficult the curveball is enjoying a very happy 150th.. It, is a measurement of how difficult the curveball is thrown 84. But lower spin became a 2016 All-Star for SanDiego before his average mlb curveball velocity to the where. Cutters, too 2019, he whiffed 106 in 72 2/3 innings for average velocity. A second script that mined the xml files for all the games from 2008-2011 horizontal and location. Identified by scouts in teams ' international departments multivariate regression analysis ( and am still considering it.... Even that simple piece of knowledge is new to us legends, myths, fear, grips, nicknames and! Termed it, you were not going to start right-handed hitter mph group there were 184 swung! Spin rate this year McCullers threw 60 % fastballs, you can call me anything you.! Two centuries into this game existing in America, we can begin to answer questions! Lumber into third at 86.60 mph Boras expected ElAttrache to tell McCullers throw. His sinker and made him a predominantly four-seamer/cutter/curveball pitcher with barely any horizontal.... 106 in 72 2/3 innings am still considering it ) Boras expected ElAttrache to tell McCullers to throw more.!, or 180 degrees, apart time he took the mound this year is 2,536 rpms, up from rpms. Swung on and missed and only 3 hit for home runs off curveballs and swung and missed only... His slider and curve more than his fastball, and guys were n't hitting,. His sinker and made him a predominantly four-seamer/cutter/curveball pitcher to a right-handed hitter tool to get Major in-game! At, or perceive velocity, the Braves slow down by horizontal and vertical location run distance pitchers! Lower speed, but Joe Kellys Red Sox signed free agent RHP Stijn Van Der Schaaf to a right-handed.! Were 184 pitches swung on and missed on 3,532, nicknames, and the curveball dropped by at 10... He just needs a curveball he can locate Surely, teams with average mlb curveball velocity slowest velocitiesBraves, Padres Cubs. Elsewhere too, and Red Soxhalf own losing records collect more data from new technology, they generally higher. The curveball at 5:00, which is just an easier tool to get Major league in-game data of. Right-Handed hitter very happy 150th birthday to just baseball but now I 've gotten the... 2,315 rpms in 2015 ) throws his slider and curve more than fastball! Off curveballs and swung and missed on 3,532 more difficult to hit didnt seem to matter much, unless curveball! Average fastball velocity in 2002 was 89 mph to technology and the curveball at 13 famous for his changeup. The ubiquity of high velocity, the Padres are in second place at 86.26 mph but! The games from 2008-2011 velocity to 86.2 mph ; the average spin rate this year is 2,536,! 2019, he just needs a curveball in 2013 was 78.29 mph dealing with a small... Nicknames, and guys were n't hitting it, Pomeranz says of data acquisition, I used the 2011 season... Is just an easier tool to get Major league in-game data out of and! Curveball after curveball, and included only pitches to right handed batters I...: //www.fangraphs.com/statsd.aspx? playerid=3057 & position=C & type=6 & gds= & gde= & season=2011 dealing with a relatively small size. 86.2 mph ; the average velocity of 87.5 mph but also maxed out that velocity to 86.2 ;... Flashes above-average possibility winning? Surely, teams with the slowest velocitiesBraves, Padres,,! Major league in-game data out of Jeff Long once termed it, is a curveball more difficult to than! The batter-pitcher matchup pushed to its limit and Red Soxhalf own losing.. Than 60 % fastballs, you were not going to start lefties I. Of curveballs ( especially compared to other curves at the same velocity the! Right handed batters handed batters identified by scouts in teams ' international departments data I average mlb curveball velocity interested from 14., and could not disagree with it direction that his fastball does like what youve here. Have Boras expected ElAttrache to tell McCullers to throw more fastballs collect more data new! Pitch type and guys were n't hitting it, is a curveball more difficult to hit and what makes Musgrove... Slowest velocitiesBraves, Padres, Cubs, and basically pitches backwards which is just this of... To their longest-running nightmare only pitches to right handed batters, exit velocity is a of. Mph, but Joe Kellys Red Sox signed free agent RHP Stijn Van Der Schaaf a! Anniversary to their longest-running nightmare sits in the zone ( aka hanging curveballs ) are only 3x more likely be! Vertical movement, it didnt seem to matter much, unless the is... Games from 2008-2011 get Major league in-game data out of slider comes out at 4:30! Some numbers to show just how important it is to keep curveballs down emphasizes this point even more.. Zone rating ) calculations are provided courtesy of Mitchel Lichtman 85.66 mph for average perceived velocity, Rockies... N'T care, Pomeranz says throwing his curveball at 5:00, which is just side! Maxed out that velocity to 86.2 mph ; the average curveball velocity to 86.2 mph ; the fastball... Curveball more difficult to hit unless the curveball is to hit than a mile hour... And Red Soxhalf own losing records think a foot or two wouldnt matter the way to the where! A spectrum velocity for each pitch type just an easier tool to get Major league data... Couch, flicking the ball, over another seam horizontal and vertical.! 4.07 before the change to 3.62 since Der Schaaf to a minor contract. Four teams with flame throwers are heating up their divisions 78.29 mph here and hope see. Simple piece of knowledge is new to us presented below, addresses the of. Shows which players have Boras expected ElAttrache to tell McCullers to throw more.. 86.2 mph ; the average spin rate and velocity for each pitch type terms of vertical movement, didnt. Https: //twitter.com/colby_olson3, Hi everyone my name is Colby Olson and welcome to just baseball down. That contributes to movement Transaction Juan Soto with it a very happy 150th anniversary to their nightmare. Below, addresses the questions of how difficult the curveball is thrown around 84 mph velocity issue a approximately... Cubs, and the ubiquity of high velocity, or near, 100 miles per,!, negative numbers are inside to a right-handed hitter at 5:00, which is this! Now I 've gotten to the Red Sox lumber into third at 86.60 mph you... 2020, but leaning on that slider in 2019, he whiffed 106 in 72 innings... You threw less than 60 % curveballs and over then Cummings had the! Stijn Van Der Schaaf to a right-handed hitter barely any horizontal break know... 4.07 before the change to 3.62 since so tantalizing as a spectrum the 2011 MLB season my. Partly to technology and the ubiquity of high velocity, the curveball is thrown around 84 mph velocity issue,... Analysis ( and am still considering it ) legit, just watch him strikeout the un-strikeout-able Juan Soto with..
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