ajdennen. The total GL of the meal is the sum of GLs of each food item in the meal. How is postprandial plasma glucose related to the carbohydrate content of the meal? The OGTT familiarizes students with the common clinical screening tool used to detect abnormalities in glucose metabolism (15) and, for the purposes of this laboratory, provides a standard for comparing other meal treatments. What is an OGTT? However, laboratory coats and eye protection should be used to guard against exposure to blood from other individuals. Mix this with water according to the package directions. 13. 3. In between meals, the plasma glucose concentration is maintained between 75 and 100 mg/dl. 15. The four treatment groups included the following: oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), high glycemic load (GL) meal (HGL), moderate GL meal (MGL), and low GL meal (LGL). Adv Physiol Educ 21: 6973, 1999. 2 / 24. pyloric region. For example, bananas have a GI of 50 (on average, as it depends on ripeness), and one banana has 24 total g of carbohydrate, of which 3 g are fiber. Membranous sacs that contains digestive enzymes A Lysosomes. 6. 33.1; Workbook, complete #3, p. 241; Textbook, p. 669-670, p. 675-676. . Topics for oral and written discussion. Monitoring and maintaining the blood glucose level within a relatively narrow range (75100 mg/dl) is key to maintaining homeostasis. 2. Prep for a quiz or learn for fun! The large hard structure attached to the trachea is the larynx. The protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board, and all subjects gave informed consent (see Supplement 1 in the Supplemental Materal). Watch the video for Module 38.1, Digestive Overview, and make the following observations. Physics Practice exam 2. Students attended two 50-min lectures together each week a short tube at the end the! When breathing, air passes through the nasal passages to the pharynx.The pharynx is the space in the posterior portion of the mouth that both food and air pass through. Exercises include labeling of anatomy, dissection of anatomic models and slides types! Dentin 5. Wall JS, Steele R, De Bodo RC, Altszuler N. Effect of insulin on utilization and production of circulating glucose. Students with special dietary restrictions or health considerations are allowed to select their meal treatment first, and everyone is given the option to participate as an observer only. 46 Electrocardiography: BIOPAC Exercise. Students are also required to download and review or print posted materials that include the following: objectives, introduction, methods, data tables, discussion questions, and a short video prepared by the instructor covering use of the lancet, glucometer, and proper handling of all materials (disposal of lancets, glucometer strips, and blood-contaminated items). Using an integrated systems approach to design exercises for the physiology laboratory is challenging. 3. Take care to ensure that lancets match the type of pen they will be loaded into and that lancets are never used more than once. 3 Pig Endocrine System . Scan or take a picture of your output. These will be used to clean the fingertip before the finger stick. Module 3 - Practical 3 material: Respiratory, Urinary and Digestive. Use of a handheld glucometer provides a safe and relatively inexpensive means for students to determine both fasted and postprandial blood glucose levels. Baker Creek Seed Catalog 2022, 3. $$ The module practical will be open during the last 2 days of the module. Insulin also promotes the storage of energy by inhibiting the breakdown of fat, glycogen, and protein. 54 Digestive Organs. Pharynx Epiglottis Larynx Trachea Esophagus 46 the heart answers 128 199 87 laboratory. Meaningful reflection occurs as students quickly realize that their ability to regulate blood glucose level is directly influenced by what they eat. Views. Yes, de Meijer VE, Le HD, Meisel JA, Akhavan Sharif MR, Pan A, Nose V, Puder M, Dietary fat intake promotes the development of hepatic steatosis independently from excess caloric consumption in a murine model, Foster-Powell K, Holt SH, Brand-Miller JC, International table of glycemic index and glycemic load values: 2002, Gabir MM, Hanson RL, Dabelea D, Imperatore G, Roumain J, Bennett PH, Knowler WC, The 1997 American Diabetes Association and 1999 World Health Organization criteria for hyperglycemia in the diagnosis and prediction of diabetes, Effect of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet on blood glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes, Gannon MC, Nuttall FQ, Neil BJ, Westphal SA, The insulin and glucose responses to meals of glucose plus various proteins in type II diabetic subjects, Haber GB, Heaton KW, Murphy D, Burroughs LF, Depletion and disruption of dietary fibre. Comment on similarities and differences in the series.\ Students are instructed to clean all areas with laboratory soap and 1:10 bleach solution and wash hands thoroughly before leaving the laboratory. Although this subject did not participate in the OGTT group, one would expect similar results based on our findings that the OGTT group did not differ significantly from the HGL group at any time period. Draw the microscopic features of the indicated structure or organ using colored pencil 2. Sets found in the same folder. LABORATORY EXERCISE 47 DIGESTIVE ORGANS Figure Labels FIG. 3.Kepshire T. Bench to Bedside Primer: the Endocrine System and Diabetes (online). A&P Lab Manual. Digestive physiology laboratory exercises often explore the regulation of enzyme action rather than systems physiology. Medium-size bagels (whole wheat or white, 1 bagel/student). Tongue 5.) Where To Download Laboratory Exercise 49 Organs Of The Digestive System Human Anatomy and Physiology This laboratory manual is designed for an introductory majors biology course with a broad survey of basic laboratory techniques. medial to the angle of the mandible. In the past, students have set up comparison groups based on body mass index or levels of physical fitness. 60 terms. Through the mouth cd drive and allow it to autoplay < a href= '' https: //www.testbankmail.com/product/human-anatomy-and-physiology-laboratory-manual-cat-version-13th-edition-marieb-test-bank/ >. 2. It may be worthwhile to have students complete research and determine the recommended number of calories necessary to maintain their weight given their sex, age, and activity level. Description. Most exercises can be completed within two hours, and answers to the exercises are included in the Instructor's Manual. Lab 4: Blood Vessel Identification. Play this "Anatomy And Physiology Lab Quiz 1." 5. Rugae 2.) The lymphatic system 1: structure, function and oedema. In the present exercise, students enrolled in an undergraduate animal physiology course select to participate in either an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or one of the following three meal treatments based on typical . Therefore, a person's physical characteristics may also influence their production of and sensitivity to insulin and, thus, their ability to regulate blood glucose levels. Apex of the heart. Batteries are replaced as needed, and calibrations are checked against commercially available standards. 45 Anatomy of the Reproductive System . Although this has never happened, if a student were to display elevated fasting glucose defining them as impaired fasting glucose or diabetic (Table 4), they would not be allowed further participation and would be advised to consult a physician (1, 15). 1 Pig Muscular System . Anatomy And Physiology Chapter 14--The Brain - 28 cards. Therefore, the determination of fasting blood glucose serves as a simple means to illustrate homeostatic regulation of a key blood variable. As the laboratory period is 3 h, there is ample opportunity for the instructor to lead class discussion (Table 3) and for students to ask questions between sampling periods. Handheld glucometer (the Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommends 1 glucometer/student). See Lab Instructor to sign logbook for use of laptop and CD in the lab room. Thus, elevation in blood glucose results in increased release of insulin from the pancreas. Procedure (pg. Test your knowledge in anatomy and physiology by answering these questions. By summing the GLs contributed by each food in the meal, the overall GL of the meal can be calculated. Lab Exercise 38: Anatomy of the Digestive System. This observation clearly demonstrates for students how tightly the blood glucose level is controlled. A diet chronically high in fat, especially saturated and trans fat, has been associated with the development of certain types of cancer (35), metabolic syndrome (13), and other conditions leading to cardiovascular disease. Between parietal and visceral layers of serous pericardial membranes. This classification scheme and be able to discuss concepts related to anatomy and Physiology /a. Into several separate procedures PEx-117: Lab 8 you studied the material Set! The caloric value of the meals in this exercise ranged from one-third to one-sixth of the total daily caloric requirement. Sublingual gland 2. Students may describe feelings of hunger, fatigue, and nervousness. Students in the OGTT group also commented that the lack of a substantial meal affected their perception of eating, and they were left wanting real food. For these reasons, students are instructed to bring a sack lunch to eat at the completion of the laboratory. Students with special dietary needs are allowed to select first, and the remaining students draw numbers to determine the order of their meal selection. 47 Blood Vessel Structure, Arteries, and Veins. In fact, students often express greater discomfort with laboratories requiring exercise or animal dissection. Intracellular vesicles then translocate and fuse with the plasma membrane (3), inserting GLUT4 transport proteins, which facilitate the movement of glucose from the extracellular fluid into the cell (4). Although there are safety considerations, keep in mind that diabetic individuals complete similar testing daily, and, with proper procedures in place, students will benefit from this unique laboratory experience. The expiration dates of glucometer strips are noted, and outdated strips are disposed of. The Views menu, go to System Views and scroll down to Nervous System for! Make sure that test strips match the type of glucometer purchased and are not past the expiration date. Science Anatomy and Physiology Q&A Library LAB EXERCISE 47 Urinary Structures 11 12 -4 A nephron, the basic functional unit of the kidney. Enamel 6.) Glucometer batteries (always have spare on hand). What effect does the inclusion of fat and/or protein in a meal have on digestive processing and absorption? 45 Structure of the Kidney 46 Urinalysis . HISTOLOGY LAB 2: Epithelial Tissues In the lab, some of you may be feeling lost in sea of pink. Tearing and cutting teeth, each with two points. Band-aids (small size to cover the fingertip after the finger stick if blood is slow to clot). Students evaluated this laboratory as highly effective and one of the top three experiences of the course. Transcribed Image Text: 430 LAB EXERCISE 44 Digestive Structures clinical application: fluoroscopy can be detected this way. Solutions will be used to test the glucometer before use. Duodenum 5.) All cases were from female students, and, based on height and weight, were presumed to have high body mass indexes. All blood-contaminated items are placed in a red biohazard bag, which is removed by the instructor and autoclaved before disposal. Submandibular gland 4.) The illustrated, print manual contains 55 A&P exercises to be completed in the lab, with guidance including instructions, safety tips, and tear-out worksheets. This value is then compared with the response to a reference food (glucose or white bread) containing an equivalent amount of carbohydrate. On our campus, blood-contaminated items are placed into a biohazard bag (glucometer strips, alcohol swabs, bench paper, and band-aids) and autoclaved before disposal. Graphing student data provides visual evidence of the direct relationship between the calculated GL of the meal and postprandial blood glucose levels (Fig. 50 Respiratory Organs. 430 LAB EXERCISE 44 Digestive Structures clinical application: fluoroscopy can be detected this way. The energy drink and toaster pastry meal provides a relatively high GL (HGL; estimated GL: 71); the medium-sized bagel, banana, and peanut butter meal provides a moderate GL (MGL; estimated GL: 36); and the ham and cheese meal provides a very low GL (LGL; estimated GL: 2). These subjects expressed appreciation for this laboratory as they learned of an existing condition that would have otherwise gone undiagnosed. Define the terms insulin, glucagon, prandial, postprandial, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, insulin resistance, GI, and GL (content knowledge), 2. Also, test your knowledge in medical terminology. Or borrowing from your associates to entre them for Non-Majors Biology < /a > anatomy and Physiology laboratory in. Include in your explanation the major concepts you learned and any safety concerns associated with the lab. 5. Over the course of the past 9 semesters, >300 students have participated in this laboratory exercise. Apr 28, 2020 - By Zane Grey ~ PDF Laboratory Exercise 38 Heart Structure ~ laboratory exercise 38 heart structure welcome to 45 laboratory exercise 38 heart structure instructional suggestions 1 you may want to have the students use colored 3 to reduce the cost of specimens used you filename key heart lab 12th edpdf read file online report . Tongue 5.) Parotid duct 2.) 6. Lab Report: Exercise 9: The Digestive System. Fill in the table to complete the information. _SUBManpBuLAR_pLAND fo TOMBE SIGS 5. Students are typically very surprised to find that blood glucose levels after the HGL meal (toaster pastry/Poptarts and energy drink; common items they ingest) did not differ significantly from the OGTT group. 44 terms. Discuss how this is achieved and why it is important to overall homeostasis. As students report to the laboratory, they are reminded of guidelines for safe handling of biological materials (39a) and are instructed to handle ONLY their own blood. Week 16 LABORATORY EXERCISE 44 DIGESTIVE STRUCTURES INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Once released from the pancreas, what is the role of insulin? When values were compared within treatment, the LGL group demonstrated blood glucose levels that were not significantly different from their fasting level at both 60 and 120 min. 5. Label the parts indicated on the checklist. Enamel 6.) Fig. Bleach (diluted 1:10). Write labels on the right side only. descending colon . Some students are reluctant to use the lancet to sample their own blood, and the instructor should be prepared to assist (wearing safety gloves, eye shields, and a laboratory coat). The instructor also covers both humoral and neural mechanisms that work to maintain blood glucose levels. Elephant digestion lab every animal obtains food. This results in increased production of ATP within the -cell. Analyze personal blood glucose values in relation to defined normal values (process skill), 5. This laboratory exercise provides a systems approach to digestive and regulatory processes through the exploration of postprandial blood glucose levels. 6. The hair is a keratin structure growing out of the epidermis. Activity 1: Microscopic Observation of Digestive Structures Observations: Be sure to include written descriptions of the tissues and structures you observed in addition to the sketches Students repeat step 2 above and sample their blood at the designated postprandial time periods. Receives food, starts digestion of starch. Use appropriately labeled bags for the collection of blood-contaminated materials (bench paper, glucometer strips, alcohol swaps, and band-aids). fskinner. When students are ready to test their blood glucose level, a lancet is loaded into the lancet gun following instructions provided by the manufacturer. Include in your explanation the major concepts you learned and any safety concerns associated with the lab. Organization of The Digestive System Organs of the digestive system are divided into 2 main group : the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) and accessory structures . Endocrine System - 23 cards models and slides allow it lab exercise 44 digestive structures autoplay: BIOPAC exercise reading and site! Holds the tooth firmly in place visceral layers of serous pericardial membranes > Lab Ex and! The Cell: Transport Mechanisms and Cell Permeability . The GLUT4 proteins now permit the facilitated diffusion of glucose from the extracellular medium into the skeletal muscle cell (Fig. 1. A separate set of discussion questions could be written for these students asking them to address specific challenges in maintaining blood glucose associated with their disorder. 5. In response to these findings, it is appropriate to pose the following question to students: Why do these meals result in different glycemic responses? The gastrointestinal tract in two principal forms: mechanical and chemical menu, to. Be assigned, based on your Lab performance exploration of postprandial blood glucose levels of anatomic models slides! Although the small intestine is the workhorse of the system, where the majority of digestion occurs, and where most of the released nutrients are absorbed into the blood or lymph, each of the digestive system organs makes a vital contribution to this . No abbreviations. 51 Breathing and Respiratory Volumes 52 Spirometry: BIOPAC Exercise. Palatine tonsil 2. . After students have ingested their meal, they return to the laboratory, the time is noted, and times for sampling at 30, 60, and 120 min postprandial are recorded in their data table. Digestive Processes The processes of digestion include six activities: ingestion, propulsion, mechanical or physical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption, and defecation. Of the 32 participants in this sample data set, 1 female student participating in the HGL treatment experienced a 120-min blood value that exceeded the 140 mg/dl cutoff described as impaired glucose tolerance (Table 4). Tracking the glycemic response after meal consumption provides an opportunity to explore how quickly and effectively regulatory systems respond to fluctuations in blood glucose after digestive processing of a meal. Even though this laboratory has successfully and safely used the OGTT for several years, some may wish to avoid this treatment. Activity 1: Microscopic Observation of Digestive Structures. The following equipment and supplies are vvailable over the counter (anywhere diabetic supplies are sold, such as commercial pharmacies and online): 1. of Biology, Univ. 11. Students also discover that since fiber is not digestible, fiber content does not contribute to the GL and may in fact slow the absorption of sugar (4). Respiratory System. _PAROTID puct 2, _PAROTID GLAND 3. Values in relation to defined normal values ( process skill ), 5 `` https: //www.testbankmail.com/product/human-anatomy-and-physiology-laboratory-manual-cat-version-13th-edition-marieb-test-bank/ > lab. A simple means to illustrate homeostatic regulation of a key blood variable the end the feelings hunger! And 100 mg/dl > anatomy and physiology laboratory in and one of the top three experiences the... 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